An inventory of springs in Wisconsin: spring sites

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Metadata:


Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Susan K. Swanson, Beloit College
Originator: Grace E. Graham
Originator: David J. Hart
Originator: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey
Publication_Date: 20191025
Title: An inventory of springs in Wisconsin: spring sites
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Bulletin
Issue_Identification: 113
Description:
Abstract:
This dataset includes information about Wisconsin springs that discharge at rates of approximately 0.25 cubic feet per second or more at the time of the inventory. The information was collected during site surveys between July 2014 and August 2017. The point features represent the spring locations; attributes include site observations and measurements made during the site survey. Each spring included in this dataset also has corresponding photographs with captions and a hand-drawn site map. The methodology, results, and full explanation of dataset attributes are documented in an accompanying report.
Purpose:
This dataset was produced as part of a project to inventory springs in Wisconsin that discharge at rates of approximately 0.25 cubic feet per second or more at the time of the inventory. Understanding spring hydrology is important because springs contribute water to streams, lakes, and wetlands, provide wildlife habitat, and in some cases supply water to fish hatcheries, private residences, and agricultural activities. In addition to the information about the surveyed springs, the project also compiled data for springs that were investigated but not surveyed, and data for a limited number of groundwater-fed ponds. The methodology, results, and full explanation of dataset attributes are documented in the accompanying report: Swanson, S.K., Graham, G.E., and Hart, D.J., 2019, An inventory of springs in Wisconsin: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey Bulletin 113, 24 p. The project was conducted by the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey and Beloit College, and funded by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources.
Supplemental_Information:
Suggested citation: Swanson, S.K., Graham, G.E., and Hart, D.J., 2019, An inventory of springs in Wisconsin: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey Bulletin 113, 24 p.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20140101
Ending_Date: 20171231
Currentness_Reference:
This dataset consists of Wisconsin springs with a discharge rate of at least 0.25 cubic feet per second that were surveyed between July 2014 and August 2017.
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -92.819064
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -87.006912
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.583848
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.486993
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Categories
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: springs
Theme_Keyword: hydrology
Theme_Keyword: hydrogeology
Theme_Keyword: Wisconsin
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints: None
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: physical
Address: 3817 Mineral Point Rd
City: Madison
State_or_Province: Wisconsin
Postal_Code: 53705
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 608-263-7389
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: data@wgnhs.wisc.edu
Data_Set_Credit:
The project was conducted by the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey and Beloit College. The project was funded by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources.
Native_Data_Set_Environment: Version 6.2 (Build 9200) ; Esri ArcGIS 10.6.0.8321

Data_Quality_Information:
Logical_Consistency_Report:
Spring locations were recorded using GPS units collecting an average easting and northing within a 60-second logging interval, including parameters that quantify the strength and precision of the satellite signal. The GPS units have 2- to 5-meter horizontal accuracy. Signal strength and precision values are include in the feature attributes.
Completeness_Report:
This dataset represents the results of a survey of Wisconsin springs with a discharge rate of at least 0.25 cubic feet per second conducted between July 2014 and August 2017. The methods and results are documented in the accompanying report.
Lineage:
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Field surveys proceeded on a county-by-county basis in August through November 2014, April through November 2015, March through November 2016, and March through August 2017. Feature attributes were defined in an ArcGIS feature class within a file geodatabase and configured to be editable on a handheld GPS unit. GPS units recorded an average easting and northing within a 60-second logging interval, as well as parameters that quantify the strength and precision of the satellite signal. Elevation values for the spring sites were extracted from the highest-resolution digital elevation model available. The source and resolution of the elevation model is included as feature attribute.
Process_Date: 20170831

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 415

Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Map_Projection:
Map_Projection_Name: NAD 1983 HARN Transverse Mercator
Transverse_Mercator:
Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -90.0
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0
False_Easting: 520000.0
False_Northing: -4480000.0
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution: 0.0001
Ordinate_Resolution: 0.0001
Planar_Distance_Units: meter
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: D North American 1983 HARN
Ellipsoid_Name: GRS 1980
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: Spring
Entity_Type_Definition:
Location and attributes of springs in Wisconsin with a discharge rate of approximately 0.25 cubic feet per second and higher
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: WGNHS
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: OBJECTID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SHAPE
Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: SpringID
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: County
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Surveyor
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Date
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Time
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Easting_WTM
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Northing_WTM
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Horz_Precision_m
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Max_PDOP
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Elevation_m
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Land_Owner
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Access
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Ease_Access
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Land_Cover
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Air_Temp_F
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Cloud_Cover_percent
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Wind_Speed_mph
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Aspect_degrees
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Slope_degrees
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Slope_Variability
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Condition
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Type_of_Disturbance
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Spring_Area_sqm
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Surface_Types
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Width_ft
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Width_Location
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Depth_cm
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Depth_Location
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Percent_organic
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Percent_fines
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Percent_sand
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Percent_gravel
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Percent_cobble
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Percent_boulder
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Percent_bedrock
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Bedrock_Comp
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Spring_Type
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Spring_Source
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Orifice_Geom
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Discharge_cfs
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Flow_Accuracy
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Discharge_Meas
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Flow_Location
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Flow_percent
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: pH
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Conductivity_uS
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Water_Temp_C
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: elevation_source
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Veg_Bed_Cover_percent
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Veg_Bank_Cover_percent
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Notes
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: GlobalID
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: gps_time_date
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: sat_signals
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: File_Prefix

Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: physical
Address: 3817 Mineral Point Rd
City: Madison
State_or_Province: Wisconsin
Postal_Code: 53705
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 608-263-7389
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: data@wgnhs.wisc.edu
Distribution_Liability: See access and use constraints information.

Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20191025
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: physical
Address: 3817 Mineral Point Rd
City: Madison
State_or_Province: Wisconsin
Postal_Code: 53705
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 608-263-7389
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: data@wgnhs.wisc.edu
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention: local time

Generated by mp version 2.9.12 on Fri Oct 25 10:14:56 2019