An inventory of springs in Wisconsin: spring sites
Metadata also available as
Metadata:
- Identification_Information:
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- Citation:
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- Citation_Information:
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- Originator: Susan K. Swanson, Beloit College
- Originator: Grace E. Graham
- Originator: David J. Hart
- Originator: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey
- Publication_Date: 20191025
- Title: An inventory of springs in Wisconsin: spring sites
- Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
- Series_Information:
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- Series_Name: Bulletin
- Issue_Identification: 113
- Description:
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- Abstract:
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This dataset includes information about Wisconsin springs that discharge at rates of approximately 0.25 cubic feet per second or more at the time of the inventory. The information was collected during site surveys between July 2014 and August 2017. The point features represent the spring locations; attributes include site observations and measurements made during the site survey. Each spring included in this dataset also has corresponding photographs with captions and a hand-drawn site map. The methodology, results, and full explanation of dataset attributes are documented in an accompanying report.
- Purpose:
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This dataset was produced as part of a project to inventory springs in Wisconsin that discharge at rates of approximately 0.25 cubic feet per second or more at the time of the inventory. Understanding spring hydrology is important because springs contribute water to streams, lakes, and wetlands, provide wildlife habitat, and in some cases supply water to fish hatcheries, private residences, and agricultural activities. In addition to the information about the surveyed springs, the project also compiled data for springs that were investigated but not surveyed, and data for a limited number of groundwater-fed ponds. The methodology, results, and full explanation of dataset attributes are documented in the accompanying report: Swanson, S.K., Graham, G.E., and Hart, D.J., 2019, An inventory of springs in Wisconsin: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey Bulletin 113, 24 p. The project was conducted by the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey and Beloit College, and funded by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources.
- Supplemental_Information:
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Suggested citation: Swanson, S.K., Graham, G.E., and Hart, D.J., 2019, An inventory of springs in Wisconsin: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey Bulletin 113, 24 p.
- Time_Period_of_Content:
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- Time_Period_Information:
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- Range_of_Dates/Times:
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- Beginning_Date: 20140101
- Ending_Date: 20171231
- Currentness_Reference:
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This dataset consists of Wisconsin springs with a discharge rate of at least 0.25 cubic feet per second that were surveyed between July 2014 and August 2017.
- Status:
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- Progress: Complete
- Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
- Spatial_Domain:
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- Bounding_Coordinates:
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- West_Bounding_Coordinate: -92.819064
- East_Bounding_Coordinate: -87.006912
- North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.583848
- South_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.486993
- Keywords:
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- Theme:
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- Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Categories
- Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
- Theme:
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- Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
- Theme_Keyword: springs
- Theme_Keyword: hydrology
- Theme_Keyword: hydrogeology
- Theme_Keyword: Wisconsin
- Access_Constraints: None
- Use_Constraints: None
- Point_of_Contact:
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- Contact_Information:
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- Contact_Organization_Primary:
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- Contact_Organization: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey
- Contact_Address:
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- Address_Type: physical
- Address: 3817 Mineral Point Rd
- City: Madison
- State_or_Province: Wisconsin
- Postal_Code: 53705
- Contact_Voice_Telephone: 608-263-7389
- Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: data@wgnhs.wisc.edu
- Data_Set_Credit:
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The project was conducted by the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey and Beloit College. The project was funded by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources.
- Native_Data_Set_Environment: Version 6.2 (Build 9200) ; Esri ArcGIS 10.6.0.8321
- Data_Quality_Information:
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- Logical_Consistency_Report:
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Spring locations were recorded using GPS units collecting an average easting and northing within a 60-second logging interval, including parameters that quantify the strength and precision of the satellite
signal. The GPS units have 2- to 5-meter horizontal accuracy. Signal strength and precision values are include in the feature attributes.
- Completeness_Report:
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This dataset represents the results of a survey of Wisconsin springs with a discharge rate of at least 0.25 cubic feet per second conducted between July 2014 and August 2017. The methods and results are documented in the accompanying report.
- Lineage:
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- Process_Step:
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- Process_Description:
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Field surveys proceeded on a county-by-county basis in August through November 2014, April through November 2015, March through November 2016, and March through August 2017. Feature attributes were defined in an ArcGIS feature class within a file geodatabase and configured to be editable on a handheld GPS unit. GPS units recorded an average easting and northing within a 60-second logging interval, as well as parameters that quantify the strength and precision of the satellite signal. Elevation values for the spring sites were extracted from the highest-resolution digital elevation model available. The source and resolution of the elevation model is included as feature attribute.
- Process_Date: 20170831
- Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
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- Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
- Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
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- SDTS_Terms_Description:
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- SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity point
- Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 415
- Spatial_Reference_Information:
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- Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
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- Planar:
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- Map_Projection:
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- Map_Projection_Name: NAD 1983 HARN Transverse Mercator
- Transverse_Mercator:
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- Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
- Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -90.0
- Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0
- False_Easting: 520000.0
- False_Northing: -4480000.0
- Planar_Coordinate_Information:
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- Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
- Coordinate_Representation:
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- Abscissa_Resolution: 0.0001
- Ordinate_Resolution: 0.0001
- Planar_Distance_Units: meter
- Geodetic_Model:
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- Horizontal_Datum_Name: D North American 1983 HARN
- Ellipsoid_Name: GRS 1980
- Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0
- Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101
- Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
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- Detailed_Description:
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- Entity_Type:
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- Entity_Type_Label: Spring
- Entity_Type_Definition:
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Location and attributes of springs in Wisconsin with a discharge rate of approximately 0.25 cubic feet per second and higher
- Entity_Type_Definition_Source: WGNHS
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: OBJECTID
- Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
- Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri
- Attribute_Domain_Values:
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- Unrepresentable_Domain:
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Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: SHAPE
- Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
- Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri
- Attribute_Domain_Values:
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- Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: SpringID
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: County
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Surveyor
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Date
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Time
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Easting_WTM
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Northing_WTM
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Horz_Precision_m
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Max_PDOP
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Elevation_m
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Land_Owner
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Access
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Ease_Access
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Land_Cover
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Air_Temp_F
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Cloud_Cover_percent
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Wind_Speed_mph
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Aspect_degrees
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Slope_degrees
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Slope_Variability
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Condition
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Type_of_Disturbance
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Spring_Area_sqm
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Surface_Types
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Width_ft
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Width_Location
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Depth_cm
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Depth_Location
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Percent_organic
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Percent_fines
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Percent_sand
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Percent_gravel
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Percent_cobble
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Percent_boulder
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Percent_bedrock
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Bedrock_Comp
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Spring_Type
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Spring_Source
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Orifice_Geom
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Discharge_cfs
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Flow_Accuracy
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Discharge_Meas
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Flow_Location
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Flow_percent
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: pH
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Conductivity_uS
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Water_Temp_C
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: elevation_source
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Veg_Bed_Cover_percent
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Veg_Bank_Cover_percent
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: Notes
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: GlobalID
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: gps_time_date
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: sat_signals
- Attribute:
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- Attribute_Label: File_Prefix
- Distribution_Information:
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- Distributor:
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- Contact_Information:
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- Contact_Organization_Primary:
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- Contact_Organization: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey
- Contact_Address:
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- Address_Type: physical
- Address: 3817 Mineral Point Rd
- City: Madison
- State_or_Province: Wisconsin
- Postal_Code: 53705
- Contact_Voice_Telephone: 608-263-7389
- Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: data@wgnhs.wisc.edu
- Distribution_Liability: See access and use constraints information.
- Metadata_Reference_Information:
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- Metadata_Date: 20191025
- Metadata_Contact:
-
- Contact_Information:
-
- Contact_Organization_Primary:
-
- Contact_Organization: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey
- Contact_Address:
-
- Address_Type: physical
- Address: 3817 Mineral Point Rd
- City: Madison
- State_or_Province: Wisconsin
- Postal_Code: 53705
- Contact_Voice_Telephone: 608-263-7389
- Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: data@wgnhs.wisc.edu
- Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
- Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
- Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
Generated by mp version 2.9.12 on Fri Oct 25 10:14:56 2019